Equipment

Method

• Study of the internal structure of the specimen, energy-filtered electron imaging
• Study of the elemental composition of the specimen (EELS)
• Phase-composition analysis using micro-diffraction mode
• The electron energy-loss spectrometer (EELS spectrometer) built into the column allows spectral analysis to determine the chemical composition of a substance in semiconductor studies, materials-science analysis and research in other fields, and also provides integral image filtering

Specifications

• Power supply – 380 V AC, ± 10%
• Maximum power consumption – 16 kW
• Room temperature 21 ± 4 °C, relative humidity below 65%
• Accelerating voltage 80 and 120 kV
• Cathode – W or LaB6
• Guaranteed resolution – 0.34 nm point-to-point, 0.2 nm line
• Maximum magnification 630,000×
• Fully oil-free pumping system
• vacuum in the specimen chamber, electron gun and electron-optical column 10⁻⁷ Torr
• Average operating time per week: 40 h
• Commissioning date – 2008

Sample requirements

Discs 3 mm in diameter, maximum thickness of the studied region 1500 Å.

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where studies of the internal structure of specimens and analysis of elemental composition are required.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-028. Responsible: Maksim Sergeevich Staltsov, Associate Professor, PhD (Phys.-Math.)

Method

• Study of surface topography and structure, imaging in secondary and back-scattered electrons
• X-ray spectral microanalysis of elemental composition using energy-dispersive and wavelength-dispersive spectrometers (EDS, WDS)
• Backscattered electron diffraction detector — phase-composition and texture analysis (EBSD)

Specifications

• Power supply – 220 V AC, ±10%
• Maximum power consumption – 3 kW
• Accelerating voltage from 100 V to 30 kV
• Cathode – W or LaB6
• Guaranteed resolution – 3 nm
• Element analysis from 5B to 92U
• Room temperature 21±4 °C, relative humidity below 65%
• Fully oil-free pumping system
• vacuum in the specimen chamber 10⁻⁶ Torr, vacuum in the electron gun and electron-optical column 10⁻⁷ Torr
• Average operating time per week: 40 h
• Commissioning date – 2007

Sample requirements

• Maximum specimen dimensions: 20 mm in height and 150 mm in diameter
• Studying surface topography requires practically no specimen preparation beyond cleaning the surface under study of possible contamination
• For specimens studied by X-ray spectral microanalysis, the surface must be carefully polished to obtain accurate quantitative data
• For EBSD studies the surface must be polished and free of deformation caused by mechanical preparation
• The work-hardened surface layer is removed either by electropolishing the specimens or by final polishing with oxide suspensions

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where studies of specimen surface structure and analysis of elemental composition are required.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-026. Responsible: Pavel Sergeevich Dzhumaev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

Determination of the qualitative and quantitative phase composition of a material, the type and lattice parameters of phases, residual macro- and microstresses, and texture characteristics (construction of ODF, direct and inverse pole figures).

Specifications

• Power supply – 220 V AC, ± 10%
• Maximum power consumption – 6 kW
• X-ray source anode material – Cu or Co
• The specimen stage has motorized χ, φ, X, Y, Z axes
• Rotation in χ from -3° to +93°
• Rotation in φ: 360°
• Minimum step in θ and 2θ: ± 0.0001°
• Vacuum rotating specimen holder, 125 mm in diameter
• LynxEye linear position-sensitive detector with 190 channels
• Parabolic focusing multilayer X-ray mirror (Göbel mirror) for Cu radiation, forming a primary parallel beam
• High-temperature attachment enabling measurements from room temperature to 1100 °C in vacuum or a gas atmosphere
• Average operating time per week: 50 h
• No water or gas connection required
• Commissioning date – 2012

Sample requirements

• Maximum specimen dimensions: 45 mm in height and 100 mm in diameter
• when using the high-temperature attachment: 2 mm in height and 15 mm in diameter
• Surface quality of specimens is determined by the aims of the study

Software

• — for qualitative phase analysis, DIFFRAC.EVA with the international ICDD PDF-2 X-ray diffraction database
• — for full-profile Rietveld refinement of the diffraction spectrum, DIFFRAC.TOPAS v.4.2
• — for determination of residual macrostresses, DIFFRAC.Leptos
• — for crystallographic texture analysis, Multex

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where studies of phase composition and structural and texture characteristics of materials are required, including at high temperatures.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-109b. Responsible: Margarita Gennadievna Isaenkova, Professor, DSc (Phys.-Math.)

Method

• Study of surface topography and structure, imaging in secondary and back-scattered electrons
• X-ray spectral microanalysis of elemental composition using energy-dispersive and wavelength-dispersive spectrometers (EDS, WDS)

Specifications

• Power supply – 220 V AC, ±10%, equipped with an uninterruptible power supply
• Maximum power consumption – 3 kW
• Accelerating voltage from 300 V to 30 kV
• Cathode – W or LaB6
• Guaranteed resolution – 3 nm
• Element analysis from 5B to 92U
• Room temperature 25±4 °C, relative humidity below 65%
• Fully oil-free pumping system
• vacuum in the specimen chamber 10⁻⁶ Torr, vacuum in the electron gun and electron-optical column 10⁻⁷ Torr
• Average operating time per week: 25 h
• Gas connection required (Ar-CH4)
• Commissioning date – 2011

Sample requirements

• Maximum specimen dimensions: 80 mm in height and 75 mm in diameter
• Studying surface topography requires practically no specimen preparation beyond cleaning the surface under study of possible contamination
• For specimens studied by X-ray spectral microanalysis, the surface must be carefully polished to obtain accurate quantitative data

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where studies of specimen surface structure and analysis of elemental composition are required.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-223. Responsible: Andrey Vadimovich Tenishev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

The microscope has two operating modes: scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and atomic force microscope (AFM).

Specifications

• SMM-2000 characteristics: scanning area from 5×5 Å to 2×2 µm
• size of observed objects from 1 nm to 0.3 µm
• lateral resolution down to 0.1 Å
• height resolution down to 0.02 Å
• tunneling current range from 10 pA to 10 nA with an accuracy of 5 pA
• applied voltage -5 V…+5 V, accuracy 1 mV
• specimen size up to 10×12 mm
• specimen thickness from 0.4 mm to 1.5 mm
• Software options: scanning, approach curves and I–V characteristics, two-/three-dimensional frames, cross-sectional dimension measurement, percentile and matrix processing
• point-by-point correction, ISO roughness analysis
• Fourier, correlation, fractal, morphological and granulometric analysis
• MBS-10 characteristics: magnification within 4.6×–100.8×
• linear field of view within 39–2.4 mm
• working distance not less than 95 mm
• light source — 8 V / 20 W lamp
• Average operating time per week: 10 h
• Commissioning date – 2007

Applications

Study of metal nanocluster systems on a substrate surface, analysis of cluster shape, size distribution and distances to nearest neighbours, and study of thin-film structure.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-113. Responsible: Gennadiy Nikolaevich Elmanov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

Optical microscope for observing objects in reflected and polarized light.

Specifications

• Magnification: from ×50 to ×1000
• Stage travel range: longitudinal from 0 to 70 mm
• transverse from 100 to 150 mm
• Scale graduation: stage — 1 mm
• vernier mechanism — 0.10 mm
• micrometric focusing — 0.002 mm
• Maximum load 1 kg
• Main features of the VideoTest – Structure 5.2 software: — Image input via television and digital cameras (including 8-, 10-, 12-, 16-bit), a scanner, opening images from files, copying from the clipboard. — Automatic image stitching in a specified direction. — Obtaining a sharp image from a series of images, parts of which are out of focus. — Making measurements in real units. — Ability to work with a series of images relating to one experiment or specimen, together with their measurement results, in a single document
• Convenient viewing of information
• Saving a series of images with measurement results in a single document. — Image transformation with filters (increasing brightness, contrast and visual quality of the source image, morphological transformations). — Creation of a 3-D image model. — ‘Brightness profile’ with the ability to measure the distance between individual points of the profile. — Overlaying graphics (outlines and lines) on the image to highlight elements of interest. — Automatic selection of objects and phases in the image by brightness and colour. — Automatic measurement of selected objects, presentation of measurement results in tabular form. — Manual measurements (linear, angular, circle radius, object counting, etc.). — Extensive object-classification capabilities, statistical analysis of the resulting information, construction of diagrams and dependency graphs. — Transfer of images and results obtained to the built-in database. — Saving images and results obtained, printing as standard reports. — Calculation of the uniformity parameter of object distribution in the image
• Average operating time per week: 10 h
• Commissioning date – 2011

Applications

Visual observation of the microstructure of metals, alloys and other opaque objects in reflected light under direct illumination in bright and dark field, as well as for studying objects in polarized light and by the differential interference contrast method.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-113. Responsible: Gennadiy Nikolaevich Elmanov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The microscope design allows operation both in reflected light and in transmission
• The microscope has brightness, aperture-shutter controls and a set of various filters for obtaining a high-quality image
• The microscope also includes a digital camera with computer hardware and software for producing high-resolution digital images

Sample requirements

Maximum specimen height – 40 mm.

Software

• Thixomet Lite
• Panoramic imaging underlies the operation of many Thixomet routines
• Extended focus: an image of the entire field of view in sharp focus can be assembled from several images focused on different fragments
• For convenience in constructing and subsequently studying panoramic images, Thixomet implements navigator and stage-positioning functions
• Object detection and recognition function

Applications

The microscope allows metallographic and other optical studies of powders, powder compacts and compacted specimens, as well as monitoring of various grinding, polishing, etching and other operations.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• Measurement range, wet dispersion: 0.08–2000 µm
• dry dispersion: 0.1–2000 µm
• Possible measurement ranges: 0.08–45 µm / 15–2000 µm / 0.08–2000 µm
• Laser: two semiconductor lasers
• green (λ = 532 nm, 7 mW)
• IR (λ = 850 nm, 9 mW)
• linear polarization
• Number of particle-size classes — max. 108
• Optical design — inverse Fourier design, movable measuring cell
• Fourier lenses — focal length 260 mm and 560 mm (green or infrared)
• laser-beam diameter in the Fourier lens 10 mm
• Typical measurement duration 5–10 s (recording the result of a single measurement), 2 min (full measurement cycle)
• Average operating time per week: 12 h
• Commissioning date – 2013

Sample requirements

Any powder materials.

Applications

Measurement of particle size in the range from 80 nm to 2000 µm, which gives it broad application in analyzing dispersions in solvents and powder materials.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• Potentiometric method, based on measuring the electromotive force generated by the electrochemical part of the device (glass and silver-chloride electrodes) immersed in the solution whose pH is to be measured
• The dissolved-oxygen sensor with a thermoelectric converter (DKTP) is a sealed galvanic cell filled with a liquid alkaline or acidic electrolyte containing two electrodes separated from the medium under analysis by a semi-permeable membrane
• A thermoelectric converter and the connecting-cable lead-in are located in the upper part of the sensor

Specifications

• Activity, pX units (pH): -20…+20, ±0.02
• EMF, Eh, mV: -3200…+3200, ±1
• temperature (T), °C: -5…+150, ±0.5
• oxygen, mg/dm³: 0…20, ±2.5%
• Automatic and manual compensation range: -20…+150
• Overall dimensions, mm: 150×160×30
• Weight, kg: not more than 0.4

Applications

In any fields of industry and science where it is necessary to assess the effect of the composition of medium components on the corrosion resistance of an alloy.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-120. Responsible: Roman Ivanovich Bogdanov, Lead Engineer

Method

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analysis (DTA), mass-change measurement and evolved-gas analysis (quadrupole mass spectrometer).

Specifications

• Temperature range: room temperature – 1700 °C (Rh furnace), room temperature – 2000 °C (graphite furnace)
• Thermogravimetry: resolution – 5 µg
• specimen mass – up to 15 g
• measurement range – 0–15 g
• compensation is software-controlled
• Calorimetry: sensitivity depends on the holder thermocouple type
• measurement range – up to 5000 µV
• Specimen atmosphere: vacuum (down to 10⁻³ mbar)
• static
• dynamic: inert gases, reactive gases (non-toxic, non-flammable)
• Specimen holder types: DSC/TG – up to 1650 °C, type S thermocouple
• DSC/TG – up to 1500 °C, type S thermocouple, for heat-capacity measurement
• DSC/TG – up to 800 °C, type K thermocouple
• DTA/TG – up to 2000 °C, W-Re thermocouple
• Crucibles: Pt, Al2O3, ZrO2, W, graphite
• Heating rate 0.1–99.9 K/min
• Dimensions: measuring unit (enclosed) – width 310 mm, height 970 mm, depth 400 mm
• controller – width 470 mm, height 80 mm, depth 460 mm
• Rh-furnace power supply – width 370 mm, height 200 mm, depth 470 mm
• graphite-furnace power supply – width 545 mm, height 1160 mm, depth 560 mm
• power supply – 230 V, 50 Hz, ~18 kW peak load
• Average operating time per week: 15 h
• Water and gas connection required (Ar-8%H, Ar, He)
• Commissioning date – 2007

Sample requirements

• The specimen must not actively react with the crucible material
• For DSC and DTA analysis, one surface of the specimen must be ground
• Correct operation of the unit requires a climate-controlled room
• To ensure correct operation of the measuring unit, it is equipped with a water-cooled thermostat and a special table protecting the balance from vibration

Applications

Simultaneous analysis of alloys and ceramic materials for nuclear power engineering and other industries.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-221. Responsible: Andrey Vadimovich Tenishev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• Change in specimen dimension is tracked in one direction
• The specimen is a cylinder with ground, plane-parallel surfaces
• One end of the specimen rests against a stop, the other is pressed by a push rod whose position is monitored by high-precision capacitive sensors
• Correct dilatometer operation requires a climate-controlled room
• Generating the working atmosphere in the unit requires a working gas (high-purity argon, helium, etc.)

Specifications

• Length-change measurement ±2.5 mm, ±5 mm
• Sensitivity 1.25 nm/digit
• Contact pressure 15–45 cN, standard: 25 cN
• Push-rod holder: type – tubular, material – aluminium oxide
• Specimen-chamber atmosphere: static, dynamic: inert gases, reactive gases (non-toxic, non-flammable), vacuum
• Temperature limits: room temperature – 1600 °C
• Recommended heating rate for dilatometric measurements < 10 K/min
• Dimensions of the measuring unit (enclosed): width ~810 mm, height ~270 mm, depth ~260 mm
• power supply 230 V, 50 Hz, ~13 kW peak load
• Average operating time per week: 30 h
• Water and gas connection required (Ar-8%H, Ar, He)
• Commissioning date – 2007

Sample requirements

Length – max. 25 mm, diameter – max. 12 mm (tubular push-rod holder).

Applications

Determination of the coefficient of linear thermal expansion and the change in length on heating (e.g. sintering shrinkage) of specimens of any solid that does not react with the holder (or supports) and push-rod (or spacer) material.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-221. Responsible: Andrey Vadimovich Tenishev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analysis (DTA).

Specifications

• Temperature range: room temperature – 1250 °C (high-speed Rh furnace), room temperature – 2400 °C (tungsten furnace)
• Thermogravimetry: resolution – 25 ng
• specimen mass – up to 3 g
• measurement range – 0–5 g
• compensation is software-controlled
• Calorimetry: sensitivity depends on the holder thermocouple type
• DSC resolution – < 1 µW
• Specimen atmosphere: vacuum (down to 1·10⁻⁴ mbar)
• static
• dynamic: inert, oxidizing, reducing atmosphere
• Specimen holder types: TG – up to 1650 °C, type S thermocouple
• DTA/TG – up to 2400 °C, type W thermocouple
• TG – up to 2400 °C (large tungsten crucible), type W thermocouple
• Crucibles: Pt, Al2O3, ZrO2, W, graphite
• Heating rate 0.1–99.9 K/min (W furnace)
• 1000 K/min (high-speed furnace)
• Power supply – 230 V, 50 Hz, ~18 kW peak load
• Average operating time per week: 15 h
• Water and gas connection required (Ar-8%H, Ar, He)
• Commissioning date – 2011

Sample requirements

• AND INFRASTRUCTURE
• The specimen must not actively react with the crucible material
• For DSC and DTA analysis, one surface of the specimen must be ground
• Generating the atmosphere in the specimen and heater volume requires inert gases (high-purity argon, helium, etc.) and reactive gases
• Correct operation of the unit requires a climate-controlled room
• The unit is equipped with a water-cooled thermostat and a special table protecting the balance from vibration

Applications

Simultaneous thermal analysis of alloys and ceramic materials for nuclear power engineering and other industries.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-223. Responsible: Andrey Vadimovich Tenishev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• Change in specimen dimension is tracked in one direction
• The specimen is a cylinder with ground, plane-parallel surfaces
• One end of the specimen rests against a stop, the other is pressed by a push rod whose position is monitored by high-precision capacitive sensors
• Correct dilatometer operation requires a climate-controlled room

Specifications

• Measuring range 0.5/5 mm
• Length-measurement resolution 0.125/1.25 nm/digit
• Contact pressure 15–45 cN, standard: 25 cN
• Push-rod holder: type – tubular, material – graphite
• Specimen-chamber atmosphere: static, dynamic: purified inert gases (Ar up to 2000 °C, He)
• vacuum 10⁻⁴ mbar
• Temperature limits: room temperature – 2800 °C (graphite furnace)
• Heating rate 0.01–50 K/min
• Power supply 230 V, 50 Hz, 380 V for the stand-alone water-cooling system, ~20 kW peak load
• Average operating time per week: 15 h
• Water and gas connection required (Ar-8%H, Ar, He)
• Commissioning date – 2011

Sample requirements

• Length – max. 25 mm, diameter – max. 12 mm (tubular push-rod holder), preferred diameter 6–7 mm (tungsten protective tube)
• Compatibility with the holder, push-rod and support materials

Applications

Determination of the coefficient of linear thermal expansion and the change in length on heating (e.g. sintering shrinkage) of specimens of any solid.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-223. Responsible: Andrey Vadimovich Tenishev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• Laser flash method (Parker method)
• A pulse from a neodymium laser with energy up to 10 J and duration from 0.3 to 1.2 ms is applied to one end face of the specimen under study, while the temperature change on the opposite side of the specimen is recorded by an In-Sb IR detector
• The thermal diffusivity of the specimen is calculated from the heating dynamics of the back side

Specifications

• Power supply – 220 V AC, ±10%
• Maximum power consumption – 15 kW
• Temperature range: 30–2400 °C
• Push-rod holder: type – tubular, material – aluminium oxide for measurements up to 1600 °C, tungsten for measurements up to 2400 °C
• Measurement range: 0.01–1000 mm²/s
• Test atmospheres: static, dynamic: inert gases, oxidizing up to 1600 °C, vacuum 10⁻⁵ mbar
• Average operating time per week: 20 h
• Water and gas connection required (Ar-8%H, Ar, He)
• Commissioning date – 2012

Sample requirements

Disc-shaped specimens 1 to 3 mm thick, 8 or 10 mm in diameter, with plane-parallel end faces.

Applications

Determination of the thermal diffusivity of materials.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-223. Responsible: Andrey Vadimovich Tenishev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analysis (DTA), heat-capacity measurement by the relative method using a standard.

Specifications

• Temperature range: room temperature – 1600 °C (Pt-Rh furnace)
• Calorimetry: sensitivity depends on the holder thermocouple type
• measurement range – up to 5000 µV
• Specimen atmosphere: vacuum (down to 1·10⁻⁴ mbar)
• static
• dynamic: inert, oxidizing, reducing gases
• Specimen holder types: DSC (Cp) – up to 1650 °C (type S thermocouple)
• An automatic specimen-changing system (up to 20 specimens) ensures optimal specimen placement and experiment repeatability
• Crucibles: Pt, Al2O3, ZrO2, Pt with Al2O3 inserts
• Heating rate 0.001–50 K/min (recommended rate not above 20 °C/min, for Cp measurements not above 10 °C/min)
• Power supply – 230 V, 50 Hz, ~7 kW peak load
• Average operating time per week: 20 h
• Water and gas connection required (Ar-8%H, Ar, He)
• Commissioning date – 2012

Sample requirements

• AND INFRASTRUCTURE
• The specimen must not actively react with the crucible material at the experiment temperatures
• One surface of the specimen must be ground for better contact with the crucible surface
• For heat-capacity measurements the specimen shape should be close to the standard specimen (disc 5.5–5.8 mm in diameter and no more than 2.5–3 mm in height)
• Correct operation of the unit requires a climate-controlled room (temperature 20–27 °C
• the temperature must be kept constant during an experiment or series of experiments)

Applications

Thermal analysis and heat-capacity measurement of alloys and ceramic materials for nuclear power engineering and other industries.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-223. Responsible: Andrey Vadimovich Tenishev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• Change in specimen dimension is tracked in one direction
• The specimen is a cylinder with ground, plane-parallel surfaces
• One end of the specimen rests against a stop, the other is pressed by a push rod whose position is monitored by high-precision capacitive sensors
• Correct dilatometer operation requires a climate-controlled room
• Generating the working atmosphere in the unit requires a working gas (high-purity argon, helium, etc.)

Specifications

• Length-change measurement ± 2.5 mm, ± 5 mm
• Sensitivity 1.25 nm/digit
• Contact pressure 15–45 cN, standard: 25 cN
• Push-rod holder: type – tubular, material – aluminium oxide
• Specimen-chamber atmosphere: static, dynamic: inert gases, reactive gases (non-toxic, non-flammable), vacuum
• Temperature limits: room temperature – 1600 °C
• Recommended heating rate for dilatometric measurements < 10 K/min
• Dimensions of the measuring unit (enclosed): width ~810 mm, height ~270 mm, depth ~260 mm
• power supply 230 V, 50 Hz, ~13 kW peak load
• Average operating time per week: 30 h
• Water and gas connection required (Ar-8%H, Ar, He)
• Commissioning date – 2012

Sample requirements

Length – max. 25 mm, diameter – max. 12 mm (tubular push-rod holder).

Applications

Determination of the coefficient of linear thermal expansion and the change in length on heating (e.g. sintering shrinkage) of specimens of any solid that does not react with the holder (or supports) and push-rod (or spacer) material.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Andrey Vadimovich Tenishev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• Continuous indenter penetration in accordance with GOST 9450-76
• Controlled penetration of a diamond indenter into the surface of a solid under a linearly increasing normal load to a depth from 20…50 nm to 50 µm

Specifications

• Maximum force 5000 mN
• Force-measurement resolution 1–10 µN
• Maximum rod displacement 500 µm
• Cyclic loading 1–100 s
• Displacement-measurement resolution 0.15 nm
• Time-measurement resolution 0.005 s
• Software ‘LabView’
• Loading modes: single, at a constant rate of change of normal force
• repeated, with constant or variable load level in cycles
• maximum number of loading cycles 100
• Berkovich and spherical indenters
• the instrument’s operating-cycle control program is implemented in LabView 8.2
• Stage displacement resolution: X 0.5 µm
• Y 1 µm
• Positioning accuracy: X not worse than 0.5 µm
• Y not worse than 1.5 µm
• Travel-speed range: X 0.1–10 µm/s
• Y up to 500 µm/s
• Maximum travel ±5 mm from the neutral position
• Average operating time per week: 15 h
• Commissioning date – 2008

Applications

Designed for measuring nano- and microhardness under elastoplastic contact, and for solving materials-science problems, measuring the physical and mechanical properties of a material by local loading of microvolumes using dynamic nanoindentation and lateral-force (local friction) measurement methods.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-109b. Responsible: Margarita Gennadievna Isaenkova, Professor, DSc (Phys.-Math.)

Method

Vickers microhardness measurement.

Specifications

• Hardness tester measurement range: 5–2000 HV
• HVS-1000 hardness-tester test load: 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 500, 1000 g (0.09807, 0.2452, 0.9807, 1.961, 2.942, 4.904, 9.807 N)
• Hardness-tester microscope magnification: 500×, 125×
• Measurement accuracy: ± 0.2 µm (micrometer resolution 0.01 µm)
• Distance from table to tip: 75 mm
• Test-stage size [X-Y] 100×100 mm
• Test-stage travel [X-Y] 25×25 mm
• Average operating time per week: 10 h
• Commissioning date – 2011

Applications

Designed for measuring the microhardness of thin and small metal specimens and brittle materials.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-113. Responsible: Gennadiy Nikolaevich Elmanov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

Measurement of the microhardness of materials, alloys, glass, ceramics and minerals by pressing a Vickers diamond indenter with a square-based four-sided pyramid into the material under test, which ensures geometric and mechanical similarity of the indentations as the indenter penetrates under load.

Specifications

• Direct measurement method – Micro-Vickers, Knoop, Brinell, fracture-toughness indicator
• Load-process control – automatic (loading, dwell, unloading)
• Loads – 5–2000 gf
• Loading speed – 50 µm/s
• Accuracy per GOST 9450
• Objectives 10×/50×, eyepieces 10×
• Average operating time per week: 20 h
• Commissioning date – 2013

Sample requirements

• Maximum specimen height – 95 mm
• maximum specimen depth – 115 mm

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• Maximum force up to 50 kN
• Accuracy class – 0.5
• Operating speeds over the full load range – 0.0005–500 mm/min
• Reading resolution 1/200,000
• Crosshead displacement accuracy – 0.1
• Crosshead travel – 1000, 1500, 1750 mm
• Extensometer, strain measurement up to 1000 mm
• Repeatability from the current load value, in the range from 1% to 100% of the sensor’s nominal value ±0.25%
• Average operating time per week: 10 h
• Commissioning date – 2013

Sample requirements

Standard specimens for tension, compression, bending, etc. tests.

Applications

The machine has a modular design and can be easily adapted to various types of tests: tension, compression, bending, shear, cyclic testing, constant-load fatigue of metals, cyclic fatigue of cords, threads, cables, ropes, composites, alloys, plastics, elastomers, textile fibres and products made from them.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The instrument is designed for testing the impact strength of metal by the Charpy method
• The tester’s operating principle is based on measuring the amount of energy expended on fracturing the specimen by a single impact load
• The amount of energy is determined as the difference between the potential energy of the tester’s pendulum before impact and after fracturing the specimen
• Depending on the test requirements, removable hammers included in the standard delivery set can be fitted to the pendulum, giving a nominal pendulum potential energy of 150 and 300 J on the tester

Specifications

• Pendulum potential-energy reserve – 500/250 J
• Energy measurement range – 50÷500/25÷250 J
• Analogue read-out device graduation – 5/2 J
• Digital read-out device graduation – 0.2 J
• Pendulum moment – 267.8/133.9 N·m
• Pendulum velocity at impact – 5.4 m/s
• Pendulum lift angle – 150°
• Clear distance between supports – 40 mm
• Radius of the support end faces at the specimen seat – R = 1…1.5 mm
• Radius of the pendulum knife working edge – R = 2…2.5 mm
• Pendulum knife angle – 30±1°
• Power supply – three-phase AC mains, 380 V, 50 Hz, 180 W
• Power consumption – 0.25 kW
• Overall dimensions – 2300×600×1400 mm
• Power-frame weight – 750 kg

Sample requirements

Test specimen size 10×10×55 mm (U- or V-notch, 2 mm deep).

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where measurement of the impact strength of materials is required.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-102. Responsible: Ivan Vladimirovich Fedotov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The PMI gas pycnometer allows analysis of absolute density
• It is based on Archimedes’ principle, i.e. measuring the gas (helium) displaced by the specimen, and on the ideal-gas equation of state (the Clapeyron–Mendeleev equation), to determine the specimen volume using the known volume of the chamber, the gas reservoir and the pressure change
• The specimen volume is then converted to absolute density since its weight is known
• Measuring the specimen mass allows its density and porosity to be calculated

Specifications

• Power supply – 220 V AC, ±10%
• Maximum power consumption – 0.5 kW
• Atmosphere: clean, dry, compressed air, or a non-flammable, non-reactive gas
• Room temperature 25±4 °C, relative humidity below 65%
• Pumping system, vacuum in the specimen chamber down to 2 Pa
• Average operating time per week: 10 h
• Gas connection required (He)
• Commissioning date – 2012

Sample requirements

• The instrument is designed to determine the volume of solid and powdered bodies of irregular shape, with subsequent calculation of density
• Maximum specimen dimensions: height 65 mm, diameter 47 mm (large cell)
• height 48 mm, diameter 28 mm
• Measurement accuracy improves when the specimen volume is close to the cell volume
• Cells can be custom-made for the specimens being measured
• No specimen preparation is required

Applications

• In all fields of industry and science where determination of the volume and density of solids is required
• It can also be used to determine the density of cast materials and ceramic components

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-223. Responsible: Andrey Vadimovich Tenishev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

The thermal-extraction method is used, heating the specimen in vacuum and subsequently measuring the pressure in the analytical volume over 30 minutes using a ‘Sapphire-22MA’ absolute-pressure sensor.

Applications

Measurement of gas evolution from metallic and ceramic materials for nuclear power engineering and other industries.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-218. Responsible: Andrey Vadimovich Tenishev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The mercury porosimeter uses the method of intruding mercury (or any other non-wetting liquid) into the specimen under pressure to determine pore volume
• The mercury intrusion porosimeter fills the specimen and chamber with mercury under vacuum
• However, the specimen is not immediately filled with liquid, owing to the high surface tension
• Then, gradually, in equal steps, the pressure applied to the liquid (mercury) is increased
• For each pressure increase, the volume change equals the pore volume whose diameter falls within the interval corresponding to the current pressure-increase interval

Specifications

• Power supply – 220 V AC, ±10%
• Maximum power consumption – 0.9 kW
• Working fluid — mercury
• Pore size determined 0.0035–500 µm
• Surface area: 1–100 m²/g
• Pressurizing gas: air or isopropyl alcohol
• Flow-sensor range 0–60,000 psi
• Accuracy 0.25%
• Room temperature 25±4 °C, relative humidity below 65%
• Pumping system, vacuum in the specimen chamber down to 2 Pa
• The PMI mercury porosimeter is used to determine pore-size distribution, total pore volume, and the bulk and absolute density of solid and powdered materials
• Average operating time per week: 10 h
• Gas connection required
• Commissioning date – 2012

Sample requirements

• Maximum specimen dimensions: height 27 mm × diameter 20 mm
• Powder measurement is possible

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where determination of the volume and density of solids is required.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-223. Responsible: Andrey Vadimovich Tenishev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• Measurement accuracy ±0.0002 g
• Temperature range with rated errors from +10 to +30 °C
• Settling time 3–5 s
• Hydrostatic-weighing device
• Balance-pan size Ø90 mm
• Commissioning date – 2013
• Average operating time per week: 10 h

Sample requirements

Specimen mass from 0.0001 to 210 g.

Applications

• The high-precision analytical balance is designed for precise weighing of various powder samples, specimens and other precise measurements with an accuracy of up to ±0.001 g
• Together with a special attachment, it can be used for precise hydrostatic weighing of various materials
• Selectable result display resolution
• RS232 interface
• Configurable data-transfer and printout parameters
• Menu lock-out system to protect against unauthorized changes to settings. 19 units of mass measurement, including the ability to set an arbitrary non-standard unit
• Ability to restore factory settings
• Measurement protocol compliant with GLP standards
• Convenient, easily disassembled and easily washable protective enclosure with three doors
• A built-in level on the front panel provides easy leveling

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-120. Responsible: Roman Ivanovich Bogdanov, Lead Engineer

Specifications

• Power supply 200 V
• Disc rotation speed 50–500 rpm
• Attachment for semi-automatic preparation of 1 to 3 specimens on Labopol grinding/polishing machines
• Supplied with LaboForce specimen holders for 1–3 standard specimens 25, 30, 40 mm in diameter, rotation speed 8 rpm
• Weight 22 kg
• Average operating time per week: 10 h
• Water supply and drain connection required
• Commissioning date – 2007

Sample requirements

Specimen size not more than 40 mm in diameter.

Applications

Corrosion studies.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-105a. Responsible: Ivan Vladimirovich Fedotov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• Specimens 2.3 and 3 mm in diameter are polished on both sides simultaneously to obtain a thin foil with a central hole
• The specimen-thinning process is monitored by a photocell and stops automatically as soon as a hole appears in the specimen

Specifications

• The set consists of a control unit and a polishing unit
• Specimen thinning is monitored automatically by a photocell
• the electrolyte is supplied by a pump
• Specimen dimensions: Ø 12–21 mm at max. h = 1.0 mm, Ø 3.0 mm at max. h = 0.5 mm, Ø 2.3 mm at max. h = 0.5 mm
• Thinning within a few minutes
• Pump: 220–240 V, 2 A
• Average operating time per week: 10 h
• Water connection required
• Commissioning date – 2007

Applications

• Automatic unit for electrolytic thinning of specimens for electron microscopy
• Built-in process-parameter scanning function

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-026. Responsible: Pavel Sergeevich Dzhumaev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

Precision cutting of small metallic and non-metallic materials using a diamond disc.

Specifications

• Disc rotation speed 0–300 rpm
• Cutting-disc diameter up to Ø 127 mm
• Maximum cut depth up to 32 mm
• Specimen positioning accuracy 0.5 mm
• Cutting wheels up to 5″ (127 mm)
• Average operating time per week: 10 h
• Commissioning date – 2008

Applications

The unit is designed for precision cutting of materials.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-102. Responsible: Ivan Vladimirovich Fedotov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• Specimen volume, mL — from 10 to 1000
• power, W — 500
• frequency — 20 kHz
• amplitude, % — 20–100
• LCD display
• programmable time, h — 10
• adjustable pulse frequency — from 1 s to 1 min
• the amount of energy delivered to the tip is displayed in W and J
• probes — standard, monolithic, with interchangeable tips, microtips, sapphire, extended, two-position with interchangeable tips, Cup Horn type, flow cell
• No water or gas connection required
• Commissioning date – 2013
• Average operating time per week: 2 h

Applications

The powerful programmable ultrasonic homogenizer is used for nanoparticle dispersion, emulsion formation, cell lysis, and standard homogenization.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• Rotation speed from 300 to 2500 rpm
• cutting discs: diamond and corundum discs 75 to 180 mm in diameter
• control — touchscreen control panel
• digital specimen-travel control, 100 mm, accuracy 0.01 mm
• motor power 575 W, voltage 220 V
• cooling system — 2.5 L tank
• Water fill required, drain provided
• Commissioning date – 2013
• Average operating time per week: 10 h

Applications

• Allows cutting specimens from various materials with different cutting parameters
• Used for sawing finished compacts before grinding

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• Mecatech 234 — a single-disc grinding-polishing machine with variable rotation speed and an automatic specimen holder
• Features: • automatic and manual operating modes
• • automatic torque-compensation function
• • ramp-up acceleration function
• • water supply via a solenoid valve
• • built-in LED lighting
• • wide speed range for grinding and polishing various materials
• • housing and bowl made of composite material
• • convenient, sturdy design and an easily removable bowl for convenient machine cleaning
• • splash-guard ring
• • quick, easy replacement of grinding paper and cloths thanks to the special Reflex Fix adapter
• • smooth disc-speed ramp-up, smooth braking
• • built-in suspension dispenser (1 pump)
• • ability to connect an external dosing device (5 pumps)
• • color touchscreen
• programmable, memory for 100 programs of 10 steps each, for different material types
• Disc diameter 200–250 mm
• Cutting-disc rotation speed 20–700 rpm
• Motor power 1.2 kW
• Water supply and drain connection required
• Commissioning date – 2013
• Average operating time per week: 10 h

Applications

Preparation of polished sections for further studies (microscope, hardness tester).

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• Disc diameter 300 mm
• Cutting-disc rotation speed 50–600 rpm
• Motor power 300 W
• Water supply and drain connection required
• Commissioning date – 2013
• Average operating time per week: 10 h

Applications

Designed for preparing metal specimens for metallographic studies.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The unit performs electrolytic polishing and etching of a wide range of materials
• It has a PVC stand-format base with a vertical-lift function, a movable PVC unit with a circulation pump and electric motor, and a rotating stainless-steel current-carrying rod
• The unit can control electrolyte flow, has a start-delay function, two timers for polishing and etching, and a stainless-steel cooling coil

Specifications

• Mains parameters — AC 220 V, 50/60 Hz
• adjustable output voltage — 0÷100 V
• dual-range ammeter — 0÷10 A, 0÷20 A
• dimensions (L×W×H) — 350×200×400 mm
• weight — 17.5 kg
• average operating time per week: 3 h
• water connection required
• no gas connection required
• commissioning date – 2013

Sample requirements

Specimens covering a 10 mm-diameter opening.

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where preparation of polished sections and/or electrolytic etching is required.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

Coating deposition.

Specifications

• Power supply – 220 V AC
• The VUP EM-12 vacuum unit for preparing electron-microscopy specimens is designed for preparing specimens for a scanning electron microscope (SEM)
• The unit’s design is notable for its simplicity and ease of control
• The unit allows ion sputter-coating of specimens for the SEM without a high degree of vacuum pumping and is the primary equipment for coating SEM specimens
• Ultimate vacuum 4 Pa
• Average operating time per week: 4 h
• Gas connection required

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where coating deposition is required.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-120. Responsible: Ivan Vladimirovich Fedotov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

Induction melting of metals.

Specifications

• The unit provides high purity of the materials obtained
• The unit is equipped with mechanisms and devices that ensure loading of metal into the crucible up to the fill level, tilting of the furnace inductor to pour metal into molds, sequential feeding of molds under the inductor as they are filled, and measurement of melt temperature and chamber pressure
• The process and mechanisms are controlled manually or semi-automatically
• The furnace can be recharged during melting with addition and alloying materials
• Metal is cast in vacuum or a protective-gas atmosphere
• Temperature can be monitored during melting
• Crucible capacity (for copper) 1 kg
• Maximum melt temperature in the crucible 1500 °C
• Residual pressure 10⁻³–10² Pa
• Melting duration 15 min
• Cycle duration 25–60 min
• Cooling-water consumption 0.5 m³/h
• Supply-mains parameters 380 V/50 Hz
• High-frequency mains parameters 10/16 kHz/kW
• Unit weight 1050 kg
• Average operating time per week: 15 h
• Commissioning date – 2008

Applications

The unit is designed for melting and casting high-alloy and precious metals in vacuum and in an inert-gas atmosphere.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-102. Responsible: Oleg Nikolaevich Sevryukov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

Induction melting of metals and melt spinning.

Specifications

• The Kristall-702 unit produces rapidly quenched amorphous and microcrystalline alloys with melting points up to 1500–1600 °C in the form of ribbon 15–100 µm thick and 1.5 to 50 mm wide, by the method of rapid solidification of a flat melt jet on a rotating copper disc
• The achievable melt cooling rate on the unit is adjustable within the range 10⁴–10⁶ °C/s
• Melting is carried out in quartz or ceramic crucibles
• Metal is cast in air or in a protective helium atmosphere
• Temperature can be monitored during melting with a pyrometer or thermocouple
• Crucible capacity (for copper) up to 1 kg
• Power 40 kW
• Supply-mains parameters 380 V/50 Hz
• High-frequency mains parameters 10 kHz
• Unit weight 3500 kg
• Melting duration 15 min
• Cycle duration 60–120 min
• Average operating time per week: 15 h
• Commissioning date – 2020

Applications

The unit is designed to produce alloys with a non-equilibrium structure having special properties.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-102. Responsible: Oleg Nikolaevich Sevryukov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

Designed for milling alloys based on Mg, Zr, Ti and other materials with high hydrogen solubility, in a controlled gas atmosphere.

Specifications

• Maximum feed size 10 mm
• Minimum sample volume 0.5 mL
• Final fineness <1 µm
• Grinding time 10 min
• H2 capacity 5–8%
• Grinding tools: agate, corundum, silicon nitride, zirconium oxide
• Rotation speed 100–650 rpm
• Average operating time per week: 15 h
• Gas connection required (Ar, He)
• Commissioning date – 2008

Applications

Application in the development of new materials for hydrogen energy.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-223. Responsible: Andrey Vadimovich Tenishev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• Auto-fill system for automatic filling with liquid nitrogen
• A closed system for cleaning grinding vials of cross-contamination, retains volatiles, controls hazardous and critical substances, and is easy to clean
• The cryogenic mill can accommodate 1 large grinding vial, 1 medium grinding vial, 4 standard grinding vials, or 1 set of microvials
• The cryogenic mill is equipped with a liquid nitrogen level sensor and an automatic lid interlock
• Grinding vials can be made of polycarbonate, stainless steel and other chromium-free metals
• A large cryogenic centrifugal mill with a stand-alone liquid-nitrogen bath and a thermally insulated bath
• Magnetically driven impact mechanism, with no mechanical linkages or dropped bearings
• Programmable parameters include: grinding time, impact rate, pre-cooling and main cooling. 10 programmable programs for convenient control of the specimen-preparation process
• Touchscreen control panel and remote-control capability
• Requires liquid nitrogen
• Commissioning date – 2013
• Average operating time per week: 10 h

Sample requirements

Size from 0.1 to 100 g.

Applications

Large cryogenic mill for specimen preparation — grinding at low temperatures.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-004. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The MTI SFM-2 benchtop vertical 4-container mixer is designed for mixing and grinding any powder materials, such as ceramic powders, oxide powders, metal powders and other inorganic powders
• Containers with nylon seals allow mixing powders in liquid solutions, suspensions and slurries, as well as in inert gases
• The mixer can grind powders to an average particle size of about 1 µm when grinding balls are added inside the container
• The mixer has a wide range of settings, small dimensions and a low noise level

Specifications

• Mains parameters — AC 110–240 V, 50 Hz
• power consumption — 200 W
• speed control — variable, DC motor
• rotation speed — main shaft 0–100 rpm, container about its own axis 0–300 rpm
• dimensions (L×W×H) — 450×490×530 mm
• weight — 55 kg
• container material — nylon, sealed, with rubber gasket
• container volume — 500 mL
• average operating time per week: 1 h
• no water or gas connection required
• commissioning date – 2013

Sample requirements

Powders of any materials, such as ceramics, oxides, metals, etc.

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where grinding and/or mixing of powder materials is required.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The planetary ball mill is designed for mixing any powder materials of varying size and composition, as well as suspensions, slurries and pastes, using dry or wet methods
• When vacuum grinding vials are used, powders can be ground and mixed in vacuum or an inert-gas atmosphere
• The mill has a digital controller allowing grinding modes to be set over a fairly wide range, and air cooling

Specifications

• Mains parameters — AC 110–240 V, 50 Hz
• power consumption — 750 W
• rotation speed — main shaft 0–290 rpm, container about its own axis 0–580 rpm
• dimensions (L×W×H) — 750×460×590 mm
• weight — 130 kg
• container material — ceramic, steel
• container volume — 500 mL, 250 mL
• average operating time per week: 5 h
• no water or gas connection required
• commissioning date – 2013

Sample requirements

Powders of any materials, such as ceramics, oxides, metals, etc., suspensions, slurries and pastes.

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where grinding and/or mixing of powder materials is required.

Method

• The shaker consists of sieves with different mesh sizes mounted together on a vibrating device, allowing powder or other dispersed substances to be separated into individual fractions ranging from 300 down to 20 µm
• The shaker has a reduced noise level, is equipped with a digital timer and vibration-amplitude display, and has a quick sieve-mounting system

Specifications

• Sieve mesh sizes — 20, 32, 50, 75, 100, 200, 300 µm
• sieve material — stainless steel
• vibration amplitude range — 0.1–3.0 mm
• power source — AC 240 V, 50 Hz
• average operating time per week: 3 h
• no water or gas connection required
• commissioning date – 2013

Sample requirements

Powders of any materials, such as ceramics, oxides, metals, etc.

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where fractional separation of powder and/or dispersed materials is required.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The system is designed for synthesizing and processing materials, enabling sintering and bonding (brazing) at low temperatures in a short time
• The method is based on passing a large pulsed direct current through a preloaded powder bed
• Using the LABOX™ system, materials can be obtained that cannot be produced by conventional compaction methods
• The system can also be used for solid-phase sintering, surface treatment (modifying the properties of material surface layers) and synthesis

Specifications

• Power supply — three-phase, 380 V/~50 Hz, 125 A
• maximum power consumption — 40 kW
• maximum press force — 60 kN
• sintering temperature — up to 2400 °C
• sintering current output parameters — voltage up to 10 V, current up to 2500 A
• maximum heating rate — up to 1500 °C/min
• vacuum-chamber dimensions — Ø340×432 mm
• requires cooling recirculating water 15÷20 L/min
• can operate in vacuum at ~6 Pa or in an inert gas (Ar, He, etc.)
• average operating time per week — 7÷10 h
• commissioning date — 2013

Sample requirements

Sintering of specimens of conductive and non-conductive materials up to 50 mm in diameter and up to 50 mm in height is possible.

Applications

Materials synthesis, powder metallurgy, production of complex-shaped articles.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The LABOX™ Model 125VHD spark plasma sintering system is specifically designed for a wide range of experimental studies and the development of new materials using pulsed-current heating and conventional convection heating, independently of each other
• For this the system is equipped with a dual power supply
• Switching between power-supply types is done manually
• The unique feature of the unit is the ability to conduct comparative studies between conventional hot isostatic pressing and spark plasma sintering

Specifications

• Power supply — single-phase, 220 V/~50 Hz, 50 A
• maximum power consumption — 13 kW
• maximum press force — 10 kN
• sintering temperature — up to 2500 °C
• sintering current output parameters — voltage up to 8 V, current up to 2500 A
• maximum heating rate — up to 500 °C/min
• vacuum-chamber dimensions — Ø258×243 mm
• requires cooling recirculating water 15÷20 L/min
• can operate in vacuum at ~6 Pa or in an inert gas (Ar, He, etc.)
• average operating time per week — 5÷7 h
• commissioning date — 2013

Sample requirements

Sintering of specimens of conductive and non-conductive materials up to 30 mm in diameter and up to 50 mm in height is possible.

Applications

Materials synthesis, powder metallurgy, production of complex-shaped articles.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The unit is designed for magnetic-pulse pressing of powders of conductive and non-conductive materials
• When pressing powders of ductile materials, the unit allows compacts with a density close to theoretical to be obtained immediately, even without heating
• When pressing powders of materials lacking ductile properties, compacts with a density above 0.8 of theoretical can be obtained, and after sintering, close to theoretical

Specifications

• Power supply — three-phase, 380 V/~50 Hz
• maximum power consumption — 20 kW
• capacitor-bank capacitance — 600 µF
• discharge pulse voltage — up to 10 kV
• maximum inductor operating frequency — 25 kHz
• mechanical-press force — up to 1 t
• no water or gas connection required
• average operating time per week — 5÷7 h
• commissioning date — 2013

Sample requirements

Sintering of specimens of conductive and non-conductive materials up to 30 mm in diameter and up to 50 mm in height is possible.

Applications

Powder metallurgy.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-004. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The high-voltage consolidation unit has a modular design and consists of a high-voltage block generating powerful electric pulses passed through the item being sintered, and a process block containing the die with the specimen being sintered, a pressure-application system and other measuring equipment
• The unit allows consolidation of conductive powder materials at pressures up to 10 atm using a single powerful discharge of up to 6 kV
• It is equipped with a compressor for building up pressure in the pneumatic cylinder

Specifications

• Power supply — three-phase, 380 V/~50 Hz
• maximum power consumption — 10 kW
• generated discharge pulse voltage — up to 6 kV in steps of 0.1 kV
• maximum pressing pressure — up to 10 atm
• no water or gas connection required
• average operating time per week — 7÷10 h
• commissioning date — 2013

Sample requirements

Sintering of specimens of conductive and non-conductive materials up to 30 mm in diameter and up to 50 mm in height is possible.

Applications

Materials synthesis, powder metallurgy.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-004. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• Microwave energy is delivered to the specimen by direct transmission from a high-precision magnetron capable of delivering power up to 6 kW
• The system provides full user control over all parameters
• Specimens are heated and cooled according to a set program
• Temperature is monitored with a pyrometer

Specifications

• Power supply — three-phase, 380 V/~50 Hz
• maximum power consumption — up to 10 kW
• vacuum-chamber dimensions — Ø500×560 mm
• effective heating-zone size — Ø380×250 mm
• maximum temperature — 1600 °C
• microwave-generator frequency — 2450 MHz
• maximum output power — up to 6 kW
• requires cooling recirculating water 2 m³/h
• requires operation in inert gas
• average operating time per week — 5÷7 h
• commissioning date — 2013

Sample requirements

Sintering of a wide range of powder materials such as metals, ceramics and glasses with sufficient microwave absorption coefficient is possible.

Applications

Materials synthesis, powder metallurgy.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-004. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The system allows materials to be obtained at pressures up to 27 t and temperatures up to 1500 °C in an inert atmosphere or vacuum
• Graphite dies 50 and 16 mm in diameter are used for pressing
• To prevent interaction of the pressed powder with the die material, the inner surface is coated with an inert compound (boron-nitride suspension, graphite foil — Grafoil)
• To prevent oxidation of the pressed item, the chamber can be evacuated or a protective atmosphere (reducing or inert) can be created
• The dies are heated by tungsten resistance elements, providing uniform heating of the specimen
• In this type of furnace the required temperature can be maintained with high precision, and heating and cooling can be carried out according to a set program

Specifications

• Power supply — single-phase, 220 V/~50 Hz
• maximum power consumption — 20 kW
• maximum press force — 27 t
• sintering temperature — up to 1500 °C
• working chamber-zone dimensions — Ø75×100 mm
• requires cooling water 2 m³/h
• can operate in vacuum at ~10 Pa or in an inert gas (Ar, He, etc.)
• average operating time per week — 7÷10 h
• commissioning date — 2013

Sample requirements

Sintering of specimens of conductive and non-conductive materials up to 50 mm in diameter and up to 50 mm in height is possible.

Applications

Materials synthesis, powder metallurgy.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-004. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The isostatic hand press is designed for cold, all-round pressing of powder, porous and dense materials at a maximum pressure of up to 414 MPa
• The press has a forged pressure vessel manufactured in accordance with the ASME directive, rated for more than 9000 pressing cycles
• The vessel has a single inlet fitting for pressure build-up
• The press is equipped with a Haskel liquid pump to build up pressure in the vessel, with a pressure regulator and air filter, a pressure gauge connected to the working chamber for pressure monitoring, a manual shut-off valve for pressure relief with a stem and seat, and a set of dies for pressing materials

Specifications

• Power supply — single-phase, 220 V/~50 Hz
• maximum power consumption — 2 kW
• pressure-vessel dimensions — 75 mm diameter, 300 mm height
• maximum working pressure 414 MPa
• working fluid — water with anti-oxidant additives
• equipped with a compressor to power the high-pressure pump
• no cooling water or gas connection required
• average operating time per week — 5÷7 h
• commissioning date — 2013

Sample requirements

Pressing of specimens of any powder materials with dimensions not exceeding 2/3 of the vessel volume is possible.

Applications

Materials synthesis, powder metallurgy.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• Benchtop laboratory 25-ton manual hydraulic laboratory press with 4 guide rods
• The 4-guide-rod design ensures increased accuracy and mutual parallelism of the working platens
• Easy-to-read pressure-gauge scale, calibrated in tons and metric tons
• Clamping force: 25 tons
• No water or gas connection required
• Commissioning date – 2013
• Average operating time per week: 2 h

Applications

• Compaction of powder mixtures of any type
• Ejection of the finished item from the die after sintering

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• Temperature range 100–180 °C
• Heater parameters: 650 W, 220 V
• No water or gas connection required
• Commissioning date – 2013
• Average operating time per week: 10 h

Sample requirements

Length in any direction not more than 20 mm.

Applications

• This press is used in the final stage of specimen preparation before polishing
• The device is suitable for difficult-to-fix and unstable specimens in metallographic testing
• After mounting, the material makes the polishing process easier and improves the quality of the structural characterization

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-004. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• Model 3850 (Mini C) benchtop laboratory press — compact and convenient, with mounting-plate control
• Requires little space, ideal for field work
• Has a clearance-adjustment function
• the mounting platen is cast for greater rigidity
• the press is fitted with a protective guard
• The pressure gauge is calibrated in pounds and metric tons
• The 3850 (Mini C) laboratory press is rated for working forces of up to 12 tons
• Clamping force 12 tons
• No water or gas connection required
• Commissioning date – 2013
• Average operating time per week: 2 h

Applications

• Compaction of powder mixtures of any type
• Ejection of the finished item from the die after sintering

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The OTF-1200X high-temperature vacuum furnace is designed for heating specimens of various materials for thermal testing up to 1200 °C
• The furnace design, which includes a quartz tube, allows studies to be conducted in high vacuum or in a purge inert-gas atmosphere with a high degree of temperature and pressure measurement accuracy
• The furnace is equipped with a high-precision digital pressure gauge and a temperature-measuring instrument inside the vacuum chamber
• The built-in controller allows up to 30 heating/dwell/cooling segments to be programmed with an accuracy of ±1 °C

Specifications

• Power supply — AC 110÷240 V, 50/60 Hz
• power consumption — 1200 W
• maximum operating temperature — 1200 °C (no more than 1 hour)
• standard operating temperature — 1100 °C
• temperature control accuracy — ±1 °C
• maximum heating rate — ≤30 °C/min
• heated-zone length — 200 mm
• constant-temperature zone — 60 mm at the furnace centre
• heating elements — Fe-Cr-Al alloy with Mo addition
• equipped with a turbomolecular pump capable of producing vacuum down to 10⁻⁵ Pa
• no cooling water connection required
• capable of creating an inert atmosphere
• average operating time per week — 5÷7 h
• commissioning date — 2013

Sample requirements

Use of specimens made of fire- and explosion-safe materials up to 20 mm in diameter and up to 50 mm in length is possible.

Applications

Temperature studies of material behaviour.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-004. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• A compact furnace with a 1 L chamber made of high-purity porous alumina ceramic, designed for thermal testing of small specimens at temperatures not exceeding 1100 °C
• The furnace can purge the working chamber with inert gases, is equipped with a programmable temperature controller capable of setting up to 30 heating-mode segments
• Owing to its small size, the furnace consumes no more than 700 W and can be installed in a glove box for work in vacuum or a controlled atmosphere

Specifications

• Power supply — AC 110÷240 V, 50/60 Hz
• power consumption — 400÷700 W
• maximum operating temperature — 1200 °C (no more than 1 hour)
• standard operating temperature — 1100 °C
• temperature control accuracy — ±1 °C
• maximum heating rate — ≤30 °C/min
• heating elements — Fe-Cr-Al alloy with Mo addition
• no cooling water connection or protective atmosphere required
• average operating time per week — 5÷7 h
• commissioning date — 2013

Sample requirements

Use of specimens made of fire- and explosion-safe materials up to 50 mm in size is possible.

Applications

Temperature studies of material behaviour.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-004. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• Power supply — AC 110–240 V, 50/60 Hz
• Maximum power consumption — 2200 W
• Maximum operating temperature — 1800 °C (no more than 2 hours)
• Maximum heating rate — ≤20 °C/min
• Thermocouple — type B with a ceramic sheath
• Heating elements — heating elements
• Average operating time per week: 20 h
• No water or gas connection required
• Commissioning date – 2013

Applications

Thermal testing.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-004. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• Mains parameters — AC 220 V, 50 Hz
• Power consumption — ≤1400 W
• Maximum operating temperature 300 °C for no more than 8 hours
• Continuous operating temperature 250 °C
• Temperature control accuracy ±1 °C
• Vacuum — ≤133 Pa
• Gas connection required
• Commissioning date – 2013
• Average operating time per week: 10 h

Applications

For drying, moisture removal and degassing in vacuum or an inert-gas medium.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-004. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• The SShVE 1.25/25 vacuum furnace is designed for heat-treating metals and alloys in vacuum or an inert-gas atmosphere
• Power supply — AC 380 V – 240 V, 50 Hz
• Maximum power consumption — 28 kW
• Maximum operating temperature — 2000 °C (no more than 2 hours)
• Maximum heating rate — ≤100 °C/min
• Thermocouple — TVR type with a ceramic sheath
• Heating elements — tungsten/molybdenum
• Vacuum — ≤10⁻³ Pa
• Heating-zone dimensions: diameter — 100 mm, height 200 mm
• Average operating time per week: 20 h
• Water connection required
• Commissioning date – 1985 / upgraded — 2016

Applications

Heat treatment.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-102. Responsible: Ivan Vladimirovich Fedotov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• The Xretort vacuum furnace is designed for heat-treating metals and alloys in vacuum or an inert-gas atmosphere
• Power supply — AC 380 V, 50 Hz
• Maximum power consumption — 5 kW
• Maximum operating temperature — 600 °C
• Maximum heating rate — ≤20 °C/min
• Thermocouple — type K
• Heating-zone dimensions: diameter — 350 mm, height 250 mm
• Vacuum ≤10⁻³ Pa (oil-free)
• Average operating time per week: 30 h
• No water or gas connection required
• Commissioning date – 2014

Applications

Heat treatment.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-102. Responsible: Ivan Vladimirovich Fedotov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Applications

For heat-treating metals, alloys and ceramics in vacuum or an inert-gas atmosphere.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-102. Responsible: Ivan Vladimirovich Fedotov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Applications

Corrosion studies.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-114. Responsible: Nikita Sergeevich Popov, Engineer, PhD (Eng.)

Specifications

• The box is made of 3 mm thick corrosion-resistant steel (304), which ensures durability
• Maximum pressure 810 mmHg (1.1 atm)
• Maximum vacuum level 0.5 Torr
• Maximum vacuum level (antechamber) 0.05 Torr
• The instruments and vacuum flanges of this box allow work under vacuum without moisture and oxygen, eliminating the need to purge with expensive inert gases
• Gas connection required
• Commissioning date – 2013
• Average operating time per week: 10 h

Applications

• This instrument is designed for materials-science and chemical research
• It is used for loading powders into a die to prevent the formation of oxide films

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• Surface treatment of items with a broad-aperture ion beam (argon) in cleaning and polishing modes
• Deposition of thin-film coatings (aluminium) by magnetron sputtering in vacuum

Specifications

• Power supply — 3-phase 50, 60 Hz, 380 V
• Maximum power consumption — 40 kW
• Three planar magnetrons — 600×100 mm
• Capable of operating in DC mode, pulsed mode and high-power impulse mode (HIPIMS)
• Maximum magnetron discharge current — 9 A
• Substrate bias potential — from -10 to -800 V
• Two ion sources for surface cleaning
• Accelerating voltage of the cleaning source — 3.5 kV
• Ion gas implanter (ion energy up to 40 keV)
• IR specimen-temperature monitoring
• Fully oil-free pumping system, vacuum in the working chamber 10⁻³–10⁻⁴ Pa, working pressure (argon) 10⁻¹–10⁻² Pa
• Average operating time per week: 40 h
• Required connections: cooling water at 20 °C (not more than 1.5 m³/h), working gas at 0.2 MPa (argon, not more than 9 L/h)
• Commissioning date – 2012
• Upgrade date – 2021

Sample requirements

• Cylindrical items up to 500 mm long and about 10 mm in diameter
• Up to 6 specimens can be mounted in the working cassette per load
• Practically no specimen preparation is required before processing

Applications

In all fields of science and engineering where improvement of the surface properties of a material is required (increasing strength characteristics, improving corrosion and erosion resistance in various aggressive media, increasing wear resistance, etc.), including in the nuclear industry.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-115/117. Responsible: Pavel Sergeevich Dzhumaev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• Surface treatment of items with a radial ion beam in cleaning and polishing modes
• Deposition of thin films and coatings up to 10–20 µm by magnetron sputtering in vacuum

Specifications

• Power supply — 3-phase 50, 60 Hz, 380 V
• Maximum power consumption — 40 kW
• Working gases — Ar, He, Xe
• Ion source with a radial beam of charged particles with a broad energy spectrum of 0.5–5.0 keV
• Permissible current — 60–170 mA
• Accelerating voltage 1–3 kV
• Three planar magnetrons with target diameters of 50–60 mm
• Capable of operating in DC mode, pulsed mode and high-power impulse mode (HIPIMS)
• Maximum magnetron discharge current — 6 A
• Rod translational-motion speed — up to 300 mm/min
• Rod rotational-motion speed — up to 20 rpm
• Fully oil-free pumping system, vacuum in the working chamber 10⁻³–10⁻⁴ Pa, working pressure (argon) 10⁻¹–10⁻² Pa
• Average operating time per week: 40 h
• Required connections: cooling water at 20 °C (not more than 1.5 m³/h), working gas at 0.2 MPa (argon, not more than 9 L/h)
• Commissioning date – 2012
• Upgrade date – 2022

Sample requirements

• Cylindrical items up to 500 mm long and about 10 mm in diameter
• Preliminary preparation — cleaning the surface of organic contamination

Applications

In all fields of science and engineering where improvement of the surface properties of a material is required (increasing strength characteristics, improving corrosion and erosion resistance in various aggressive media, increasing wear resistance, etc.), including in the nuclear industry.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-220. Responsible: Aleksandr Sergeevich Yashin, Head of Teaching Laboratory

Method

• The coating/etching unit allows uniform, conductive, thin films up to 100 Å thick to be deposited on the surfaces of specimens under study
• One coating cycle takes about 3 minutes
• Thanks to the improved magnetron and anode-grid design, there is no electron bombardment of the specimen — making this a genuine cold-sputtering process
• The device is also capable of polishing specimens and removing contamination from thin organic films, water or oil
• The device is equipped with a two-stage rotary-vane vacuum pump with a filtration system, and has a programmable controller with a touchscreen

Specifications

• Mains parameters — AC 220 V, 50/60 Hz
• power consumption — 50 W
• ultimate working pressure — 0.5 mTorr
• possible sputtering surface area — 50.8 mm²
• working-chamber dimensions — diameter 152.4 mm, height 152.4 mm
• average operating time per week: 1 h
• no water or gas connection required
• commissioning date – 2013

Sample requirements

The specimen surface area for sputtering must not exceed 50.8 mm².

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where deposition of uniform, conductive, thin films up to 100 Å thick on the surface of specimens is required.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• Treatment of specimens with high-temperature pulsed-plasma (HTPP) flows is carried out in the original Z-pinch-type unit ‘Desna-M’
• This unit is experimental and is designed to study the interaction of pulsed plasma flows of various gas compositions with the surface of metallic materials

Specifications

• HTPP energy density — up to 100 J/cm², ion energy in the flow — up to 2 keV, pulse duration ~20 µs
• The total capacitance of the capacitor bank is 288 µF, and the energy content at maximum charging voltage (U = 25 kV) is 100 kJ
• The oil vacuum-pumping system provides a residual gas pressure of about 10⁻³ Pa
• After pumping down, the working chamber is filled with working gas to a pressure of P = 36 Pa
• Nitrogen or helium can be used as the working gas
• The accelerating voltage at the output of the high-voltage transformer can vary from 10 to 25 kV
• Average operating time per week: 7 h

Sample requirements

The unit allows irradiation of specimens up to 250 mm in length and up to 60 mm in diameter.

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where deposition of plasma coatings on the surface of specimens is required.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-026. Responsible: Pavel Sergeevich Dzhumaev, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• The coating unit allows uniform thin films of various thicknesses to be deposited on the surfaces of specimens under study, obtained by spraying from a liquid solution
• The device can also create optical or epitaxial films
• The coating-deposition rate can reach 150 µm per minute
• The device has a built-in drying oven, a vacuum chamber, and a programmable controller allowing various coating-deposition modes to be carried out

Specifications

• Power consumption — 600 W
• ultimate working pressure — 0.5 mTorr
• possible sputtering-surface length — 0–60 mm
• specimen weight — not more than 250 g
• solution container — 150 mL
• maximum specimen size — 7.5 × 5 cm
• dimensions (L×W×H) — 440×460×1040 mm
• weight — 46 kg
• average operating time per week: 4 h
• no water or gas connection required
• commissioning date – 2013

Sample requirements

The specimen surface length for coating must not exceed 60 mm, and the specimen weight must not exceed 250 g.

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where deposition of uniform, conductive, thin films on the surface of specimens is required.

Location and responsible person

Building D, room D-002. Responsible: Dmitry Pavlovich Shornikov, Associate Professor, PhD (Eng.)

Method

• It can perform potential sweeps over time and operate in steady-state potentiostatic and galvanostatic modes
• The software allows measurement-algorithm programs to be set up and edited
• Graphical display and recording of results in any operating mode
• Data analysis in various coordinate systems
• Conversion of source files into a format compatible with other standard packages (Excel, Origin, Grapher)
• Based on the recorded electrochemical parameters (potential–current, current–potential), the main characteristics are determined — free-corrosion potential, corrosion current, active metal-dissolution current, metal passivation potential and current, pitting potential, etc., on the basis of which the resistance of the metal (alloy) to general and localized corrosion and its ability to passivate are assessed

Specifications

• Technical characteristics: output voltage ± 30 V
• current ranges 7±1 µA, ±10 µA, ±100 µA, ±1 mA, ±10 mA, ±100 mA, ±1 A
• adjustable-potential range ±5 V
• sweep rate from 0 to ±100 V/s
• max
• IET recording rate 10 ms/triad
• IR compensation — active, by circuit interruption
• analogue outputs — yes
• external setter — yes
• additional options
• built-in memory up to 16,000 points
• power supply — 220 V mains

Sample requirements

Selected depending on the aim and objective of the study.

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where assessment of the corrosion resistance of alloys, evaluation of corrosion inhibitors and other protection systems, and determination of the corrosive aggressiveness of a medium are required.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-120. Responsible: Roman Ivanovich Bogdanov, Lead Engineer

Method

Corrosion testing of metals and alloys.

Specifications

• Power supply — 220 V AC
• External reactor dimensions (W×D×H): 1040 × 410 × 1340 mm
• Working volume 2000 mL, cylindrical, made without welding or other types of joints, of stainless steel (SS316)
• all parts in contact with the reaction medium — SS316
• Maximum pressure 200 bar
• Maximum operating temperature 500 °C
• Electric ceramic band heater
• AC electric motor with frequency converter and digital speed readout
• The control panel is housed in a stainless-steel enclosure with digital controllers for stirrer speed, temperature and pressure, displays for results, and an overheating alarm device
• Average operating time per week: 4 h
• Water connection required

Applications

In all fields of industry and science where studies of the corrosion resistance of metals and alloys are required.

Location and responsible person

Building B, room B-120. Responsible: Roman Ivanovich Bogdanov, Lead Engineer